The book, which is one of the issues of the series ‘Classics of Russian Oriental Studies’, contains the main historical and geographical works of the outstanding Russian orientalist, academician V.V. Bartold. They were created in the first decades of the 20th century and are devoted to the historical geography of Central Asia, to which the scientist paid special attention throughout his scientific career. In addition to two monographs on the problems of the comprehensive study of the Aral Sea and the irrigation of Turkestan, the book includes historical and geographical articles from the ‘Encyclopedia of Islam’, concerning the vast territory from Crimea and the Volga region to Mongolia.